http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/181 Wed, 15 Apr 2026 05:30:29 GMT 2026-04-15T05:30:29Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/1807 Role of Church Leadership in Addressing Teenage Pregnancies among High School Girls in Tigania Central, Meru County, Kenya Murithi, Itonga Silas Teenage pregnancy is a global challenge both in the developed and developing world. It deteriorates the victim‟s life by causing school interruption, psychological, social, physical and economic challenges. Church leaders have an important role to play in addressing teenage pregnancies by influencing the church, schools and the community in general. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of church leadership in addressing teenage pregnancies among high school girls in Tigania Central, Meru County. The objectives of the study were to assess the pastoral role of church leaders in addressing teenage pregnancy among high school girls in Tigania Central Meru County, to examine the advocacy role of church leaders in addressing teenage pregnancy among high school girls in Tigania Central Meru County and to establish the role of catechism training in addressing teenage pregnancy among high school girls in Tigania Central Meru County. The study was guided by Social Learning theory and Social Action theory. The study used Descriptive design embracing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Random sampling was used to sample 77 church leaders and purposive sampling to sample 50 teenage high school girls. Data from church leaders was collected using questionnaires and that from the teenage high school girls from selected churches was collected using Focus Group Discussions. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics; percentages, means, and standard deviations while the qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Quantitative findings were presented by use of tables and charts while the qualitative findings were presented in verbatim. This study concluded that the church leaders have a role to play in addressing teenage pregnancies among high school girls in Tigania central. Sixty six (83.2%) respondents agreed that utilization of pastoral programs discipleship programs by the church leadership was key in addressing teenage pregnancy among high school girls in Tigania Central. Offering discipleship and Sunday school programs were recorded as agreeable among church leadership as key in addressing teenage pregnancy with agreeability of 86.7% and 78.2% respectively. Including the teenagers in drawing these programs, appointing youth/teenagers patrons in the church and placing chaplains in church sponsored schools were some of the recommendations made. Fifty eight (82.8%) respondents agreed catechism training was a tool they used to address teenage pregnancy. The need to include younger children in catechism, having an elaborate catechism curriculum and training of catechists were noted as ways to improve on catechism training in addressing teenage pregnancy. Forty eight (68.6%) respondents admitted to using advocacy to address teenage pregnancy among high school girls. Participating in drawing school program (58.6%), teaching PPI in schools (61.5%) and working with NGOs (35%) were listed as the advocacy programs the church leadership used in addressing teenage pregnancy among high school girls in Tigania Central, Meru County. Getting involved with the community elders and including girls in campaign against teenage pregnancy were some of the recommendations made. Sun, 01 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/1807 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/1364 Assessment of Women Participation in Church Leadership: A Case of National Independent Church of Africa (NICA), Kenya Njoni, Norah Naitore The National Independent Church of Africa (NICA) is a church organization founded in Kenya in 1964. NICA is a church founded by Africans during the struggle for independence and registered in 1963. The church is spread across Nairobi, Kiambu, Embu, Meru, Tharaka Nithi, Kirinyaga, and Isiolo Counties of Kenya. The study provided the background information on the women participation and church leadership. The objectives of the study were to access whether women participate in decision-making, participation in the leadership of church projects, and if they are allowed to take up leadership positions. On Chapter two, the study reviewed theoretical literature including traits theory of leadership, female leadership theory, participative theories or approaches and skills theory, and empirical literature. The study also developed conceptual framework with gender stereotyping being the intervening variable. Used descriptive research design and embraced a simple haphazard sampling technique to acquire a sample size of 120. This research used questionnaire as the main data collection tool and used SPSS program to analyze data. Regarding the study, the researcher found that, women in NICA were willing to be leaders, and NICA Kenya allowed them to be leaders but with no or minimal appointments and motivations. Additionally, women were directly engaged in decision-making process in the church leadership in NICA Kenya and their opinions were incorporated in the final decisions and women participated in the leadership of NICA church’s routine activities but not oversight roles in church’s major projects. Hence women participated in the church leadership in NICA in Kenya directly in decision-making process, and church’s routine activities but not activities outside the church, hence, there was women participation in the church leadership in NICA in Kenya. The church can allocate some leadership positions vi for women, through nominations or appointing women into leadership positions in the church Sat, 01 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/1364 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/1341 Assessment of Factors Contributing to Low Church Attendance and Absenteeism: A Case of Methodist Church in Kenya Nyambene Synod, Meru County, Kenya Kithure, Gerald Regular Church attendance is often an indicator of Christians’ commitment and faith in God. Right from the New Testament, the Church has been symbolic, an assembly of followers of Christ who congregate regularly with an aim of worshipping God together in faith. It follows then that the Low Church attendance and absenteeism undermines Christian faith and the ability of the Church to meet ministry goals. The study sought to investigate the contribution of home based factors, the socio economic factors, and Church based factors that contribute to Low Church attendance and absenteeism. A study was guided by secularization theory under postmodernism philosophy which advocates that as science and technology continue to shape the world social changes in power and class structure tend to persist in similar forms as well (Heywood 2012).The data for the study was mainly quantitative. Simple random and purposive sampling was used to collect the data .The target population comprised of 28,015 men, women and youth members in MCK Nyambene Synod. A descriptive research design was employed for this study with a sample of 379 respondents who were selected through random sampling. Data was collected using two questionnaires, one for the youth and the other for adult members. Prior to the main study, a pilot study with a sample of 38 respondents was conducted in Miathene Synod. Analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (Version 25) in which the researcher performed descriptive statistical analyses to determine and rank specific factors that affected Church attendance in line with the study’s objectives. Two variables were considered that is Low Church attendance and absenteeism. It was established that Home based factors and Church based factors were significantly associated with Church low attendance and absenteeism. In respect to home based factors, poor family background, lack of monies to channel during fundraisers, unfriendly relationship between youth and parents, and lack of parental guidance greatly contributed to church absenteeism.Thus, parents should endeavour to inculcate a warm and cordial relationship with their children to increase the prevalence of their children’s Church attendance.In regard to Church based factors, lengthy sermons, non involvement of youth in Church activities and lack of uniformity in treatment of members led to church absenteeism. Hence, ministers of the word should strive to ensure that their sermons are precise and straight forward. Socio economic factors were not significantly associated with Low Church attendance and absenteeism. School/work engagements were not a major hindrance to Church attendance and absenteeism however the Church leadership should organize team building activities for the respective Church groups to ensure harmonious relationship and avoid stigma and criticism that is ignited from difference family economic status.In addition, Church leadership should devise creative ways of engaging the youth since inactive youth engagement is associated with Church absenteeism. Since the study focused on Churches under the Methodist Church in Kenya, it is suggested that the study be extended to other Churches to assess whether different findings may be reached regarding factors contributing to Low Church attendance and absenteeism Sat, 01 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/1341 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/1052 Role of Christian Religious Education Subject on Student Behaviour: A Case of Day Secondary Schools in North Imenti Meru County, Kenya Japhet, Kiambi The Ministry of Education through the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development have put a lot of effort in the implementation of CRE Subject. Unfortunately, its goals seem not to have been fully realized. The 8-4-4 CRE Subject has not been able to directly address emerging issues that would impact fully on students‟ behaviour change. The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of Christian Religious Education Subject, on Behavior Change in Day Secondary Schools in North Imenti, Meru County. The study tried to find out the effects CRE subject has on student behavior change, to investigate the effects of teaching methods on behavior change, to examine the effects of CRE teachers‟ attitudes on student behavior change and determine effects of teaching resources on behavior change of Day Secondary School students. The study adopted Curriculum Theory proposed by John Bobbitt‟s in 1918 and cited by Pinar (2004). The Cross-sectional descriptive study design was used and Target Population was 72 CRE Teachers of Day Secondary Schools, 48 Heads of Religious Education and 600 CRE students in Imenti North Sub County. The sample size was 144. The study adopted Construct Validity and Content Validity. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23). Percentages and frequency counts were used to analyse the quantitative data obtained. The study findings showed that about 10 (7.63%) respondents agreed that CRE subject contributed positively to the transformation of self and the society as a whole, about 15 (11.45%) noted that the subject helped learners to gain insight into the unfolding of God‟s self-relation, while 10 (7.63%) respondents said the subject helped the students know more about Jesus and strengthened them. Apparently, 119 (90.5%) respondents admitted that teaching methods play a vital role in behavior change of students while 2 (9.5%) declined. The study found that about 120 (91.60%) of the respondents agreed that the attitude of CRE teachers influences behaviour change in students, while 11 (8.40%) indicated that the attitude of CRE teachers has no influence on behaviour change among students. About 18 (85.7%) respondents agreed that there were enough CRE teaching resources in various schools, while 3 (14.3%) indicated that teaching resources were not enough. Majority of the respondents (130, 99%) respondents showed that CRE subject, teaching methods, CRE teachers‟ attitudes and teaching resources positively impacted behaviour change among students. The study thus recommended a revision of the subject, embracing more teaching methods, maintaining teachers‟ positive attitude and purchasing more teaching materials to create more positive impact on student behaviour change. Regardless of this, as the study focused on Day Secondary Schools in North Imenti Meru County only, there was need for expansion of the study to boarding schools within and outside the county so as to generalize the results. Nonetheless, this study‟s findings may contribute in improving the CRE subject, revealing the methods used in teaching CRE subject, the materials needed in teaching CRE and the necessary resources impactful in developing behaviour change in Schools. Sat, 01 Aug 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/1052 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/801 Examination of the Role of Church Leaders in Averting Gender Based Violence in Imenti South Sub County, Meru County, Kenya Nkaabu, David Muuro Gender based violence is violation of human rights and it is affecting men, women, and children spiritually, physically and emotionally. The Church leadership is being looked at when it comes to averting violence at communal and family levels. The purpose of the study was to examine the role of the Church leaders in averting gender based violence in Imenti South Sub-county. The study was guided by four objectives: To determine instructional role of Church leaders in averting gender based violence in Imenti South Sub-county, Kenya, To examine the influence of pastoral programs in averting gender based violence in Imenti South Sub-county, Kenya, To assess the influence of Church leaders’ advocacy against gender base violence in Imenti South Sub-county and to analyze the influence of Church leaders conflict resolution on gender based violence in Imenti South Sub-county. The study was carried out in Imenti South Sub-County, Kenya with a focus on Church leaders under the National Council of Churches of Kenya. The study was based on descriptive survey design. The target population in this study included 144 church leaders from different denominations and 153 victims of gender-based violence. Purposive sampling was employed to sample 45 Church leaders and 44 victims of gender based violence. The gender based violence victims include men and women in Imenti South Sub-County, Kenya. Data was collected using questionnaires for Church leaders and scheduled group interviews for gender based violence victims. The data was analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively and presented using tables and figures. This study concluded that the church leaders play an important role in the disclosure of abuse because of the trust by individual, families and community as a whole. Many women do not choose to reveal abuse to other agencies in the community or even policemen because they do not have a history of trust with them as they do to church leaders. The Church provides resources, emotional support, spiritual support and help with activism to help prevent a similar repetition of violence down the road, and they are also a prayer support for the victim. This study recommends that church leaders to organize conferences, seminars and training where the faithful get the opportunity to open up and get help needed. Church leaders have a role to teach members to co-exist in harmony with respect and love through workshop and couple’s trainings and seminars. Church leaders have opportunities to take a leading role in creating awareness and advocacy on Gender Based Violence in places where some cultural practices are detouring advances against this vice. The church leaders should also emphasis on the development of relational virtues such as selflessness and unconditional love. Mon, 01 Jul 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/801 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/514 Effectiveness of C.R.E teaching methods in secondary schools; a case of Kilifi sub-county, Kilifi county, Kenya. Mueke, Muema Rebecca The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CRE teaching methodology in secondary schools in Kilifi sub-county, Kilifi County, Kenya. The study was carried out in secondary schools in Kilifi sub-county. The study aimed at identifying ways that could make the teaching methodology for CRE in secondary schools effective on learners. This was so because according to the current statistics from the Sub-county quality assurance and standards office, the current prevailing moral degeneration among high school students was affecting their performance in National examination. The study stated the problem; defined the objectives and applied research questions to evaluate the strength and weakness of CRE teaching and learning methods. The scope of the study was in Kilifi sub-county, Kilifi County in the coast region of Kenya. The significance of the study was to provide insights for the ministry of education and other stakeholders on identifying effective methods for teaching and learning of CRE in secondary schools in Kenya. Relevant literature regarding the CRE teaching methodology in secondary schools was reviewed. In reference to the relevant literature, the teaching methods were described and their effectiveness in the teaching of CRE in secondary schools in Kenya. The importance of the subject was exposed so that the ministry of education could consider making compulsory for all students. This study used descriptive design and random sampling method to select the teachers. The data was collected through questionnaires that were administered to the CRE teachers, the students and school administrators. The data was analyzed using SPSS. Finally the results were used to make recommendation on how to establish effective CRE teaching methods in secondary schools in Kenya and conduct refresher courses to teachers on the same. According to the researcher, proper planning for the lesson before starting to teach is of paramount importance if the learners are to acquire the skills and knowledge as it is passed to them by the teacher. The researcher therefore advices the Quality assurance and stands officers in the ministry of education to assess the teachers' often in order to advise them to prepare adequately when teaching C.R.E. Based on the above findings, it was concluded that provision of resource materials influences teaching and learning of C.R.E and also improves the performance. Wed, 01 Jun 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/514 2016-06-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/512 Factors that influence discipline among the students in Imenti North District Secondary schools - Meru county. Makathimo, Eunice Karambu One of the goals of education is to mould good citizens. This molding is done in schools where everybody's effort is directed. One of the subjects taught to prepare students to be responsible citizens is Christian Religious Education. One of the specific objectives of CRE is to make learners God fearing and well behaved people. A lot of guidance and counseling is done in schools nowadays to ensure that students behave well. Despite those efforts teachers, administrators, and parents are all complaining about the discipline • of the young people in secondary schools. The purpose of this study was therefore to establish the factors that influence the state of discipline among the youth in North lmenti District Secondary Schools. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data from principals, teachers, and students .Prior to the administration the questionnaire was pilot tested to facilitate validation and assessment of reliability. The district has a total of 43 secondary schools with a student population of 10,663.Twenty two schools were randomly sampled .The sampled schools had 5,660 students and 600 teachers. The actual sample which was randomly selected from the population was 335 subjects comprising of 22 principals, 30 teachers and 283 students. The data was analyzed manually and then converted into frequency distribution tables and percentages. Results obtained were presented using graphs and frequency tables, in addition to narratives. The study concluded that parenting was factor number one in influencing discipline of students. The other factors included, drug and substance abuse, school administration, peer influence, curriculum demands and examinations. Christian Religious Education is also a factor that influences discipline through teaching of moral values. Those who apply the learnt values to their daily living are said to be well disciplined. The study therefore, recommends that parents should play their role properly, by being good role models in all aspects. This would ensure disciplined students in schools. It is hoped that the results will enable the stake holders in education, who include Ministry of Education, and teachers to seriously address the issue of moldings discipline among students. Sat, 01 Jun 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/512 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/511 Factors affecting performance in Christian Religious Education in Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education in Igembe South District. Mbaabu, Karicha Jona In a world plagued with performance contracts both in public and private sectors performance for teachers is quite relevant, if they will have to retain their jobs. Due to much competition in the job markets, it is also quite important for students to perform well in their national exams in various subjects. This research work aimed at investigating various factors that affect performance in Christian Religious Education (CRE) in Kenya Certificate Secondary Education (KCSE) exams in Igembe South District. CRE being one of the elective subjects, it requires proper investigation to ensure students perform well in the subjects so that they can continue choosing it, since there is an option of choosing either history or geography in form three. The objective of the study was to .find out whether time allocated for CRE lessons is enough owing to the broad content. The study sought to find out number of trained teachers in schools, the teaching and learning resources in schools and effects of motivation on how they affect performance in CRE in KCSE. The study was carried out in ten secondary schools in Igembe South District. In the ten schools, questionnaires to CRE teachers, school administrators and students of selected classes. The researcher interviewed form two and three students of these schools. The researcher had a target population of 5000 students and he managed to reach a size of 1000 students. The target population of CRE teachers was 40 and the researcher was able to reach a sample size of 20. While the target population for principals was 15 and the researcher was able to reach sample size of 10. The researcher used questionnaires as the main instrument for data collection. The responses were then collected and analyzed and data was compiled in tables, graphs and pie charts. General findings of the study were that human and material resources are factors affecting student's performance in CRE as well as time allocated for CRE per week, while motivation of students does not affect student's performance in CRE. This study recommends that more CRE teachers should be trained and posted in schools. The Ministry of Education should diversify their teaching methods and also motivate learners in various ways. Fri, 01 Jun 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/511 2012-06-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/487 Factors influencing drug and substance abuse among secondary school students in Meru municipality in Imenti North District, Kenya. Mutonga, Hellen Drug and substance abuse is a major challenge to societies and authorities from all over the world. The main objective of this study was to investigate factors that influence drug and substance abuse among secondary school students in Meru municipality in Imenti North District. The study adopted descriptive research design. The sample was drawn from students in nine public secondary schools in Meru municipality with a total 3273 students. The accessible population was from forms two, three and four. Stratified simple random sampling was used to obtain 360 students. A questionnaire was used for data collection. Piloting was done in Kiereni mixed secondary School in Chuka Municipality in Meru South District which is both boarding school. Split half technique was used during the pre-testing. The coefficient was 0.71, suggesting that the instruments were reliable. With the help of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-square). Findings were presented in tables, percentages and pie-charts. The main reason for drug and substance was peer influence. Substances most commonly abused were social drugs like alcohol, Miraa, tobacco as well as indigenous alcoholic drinks. Drug abuse was strongly dependent on age of respondents, easy availability of drugs and having a family member who abuses drugs. Sources of drugs are mostly the low economic areas around the schools. The study recommends that the government and other stakeholders should institute a greater public awareness campaign especially for the most venerable groups to educate them on the side effects of drug and substance abuse. Wed, 01 Jun 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/487 2011-06-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/486 The influence of Christianity on community policing with particular reference to crime reduction: A case of Kisii town, Kisii county - Kenya. Ombati, Carren In Kenya, more than a half of the population is Christian, likewise in Kisii County This provided a strong case for the consideration of the input of christian morals in effective community policing which has gained popularity in Kenya recently. Therefore, the study aimed at examining the influence of Christianity on community policing with particular reference to crime reduction in Kisii Town, Kisii County - Kenya. The study was guided by the following objectives: To investigate how christian values contribute to teamwork in community policing. To find out the extent to which Christian conduct influences community policing. To investigate extent which christianity instills the rule of law in a community. To investigate the extent to which Christianity contribute to character modeling. The study employed a combination of both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative approach used was a questionnaire and the qualitative approach which included use of interviews. It utilized a cross-sectional survey design, which was largely descriptive in nature. The sample size used was 121 respondents of the target population. Data was collected and analyzed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The study findings will be significant in availing information on the role of Christianity in community policing. The findings will be very significant to the government as it will use the result to make community policing a success. The study concluded that Christianity was greatly associated with adherence to the community Policing code of conduct. Christianity does have a significant relationship with community Policing success. The study also reveals that Christian’s commitment does have a significant relationship with community policing conduct. The study also revealed that Christian influence contributed to reduced incidences of malpractices in community policing. This in turn will generate successful community policing operations leading to reduced crime and peaceful moments readily embraced by community. The study recommends that the government should involve the church in the implementation of the community policing which has just been introduced in Kenya. To begin such a programme, Kisii Town will be an ideal place due to a high presence of members of the Christian faith. Mon, 01 Jun 2015 00:00:00 GMT http://repository.kemu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/486 2015-06-01T00:00:00Z