Influence of Strategic Planning on the Organizational Performance Among Commercial-Based Parastatals in Kenya

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the influence of strategic planning on the organizational performance among commercial-based parastatals in Kenya. Methodology: The study used a descriptive research design to collect data on a target population of six (6) commercial based parastatals. The respondents were 45 departmental managers and 151 administrative staff. The study obtained the sample size of 40 departmental managers and 110 administrative staff using simple random method. They were issued with closed and open-ended. Further, pre-test study was conducted at Kenya Airways where 4 departmental managers and 11 administrative staff. Additionally, descriptive analysis, frequency tables and explanation were used to illustrate the results. Further, inferential statistics were examined using multiple regression and correlation analysis. Results: The dependent variable results indicated that 75(69%) respondents strongly agreed on the highest mean of 4.37 (SD of 1.04), that the management motivated the staff to go and get a higher academic qualification. Additionally, on a mean of 3.67 (SD of 1.32), 51(48%) respondents strongly agreed that the number of clients has been increasing for the last few years. That notwithstanding, 85(79%) disagreed on a mean of 2.22 (SD of 0.73), that the parastatals had enough cash to meet their financial obligations effectively. The independent variable results indicated that 38(36%) and 19(18%) respondents strongly agreed and agreed respectively on a mean of 3.81(SD of 1.01), that strategic forecasting had significantly informed their strategic planning. This was closely followed by availability of resource allocation influenced employee motivation. This question had a mean of 3.55 (SD of 1.04) where 28(26%) respondents strongly agreed and 19 (18%) agreed on the sentiments. However, 39(36%) respondents strongly disagreed while 51(48%) disagreed that bench marking had always guided their strategic planning decisions on a mean score of 2.98 (SD of 1.04). The Pearson correlation coefficient was r=0.700** at α < 0.000 and 99% significance level indicating a positive correlation between strategic planning and organization performance. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The basis of the parastatals’ strategic planning was not supported by any bench marking but rather a specific individual’s knowledge and experience. Therefore, when the individual at any capacity left the parastatal, the remaining

team did not have a clear way of formulating strategies or benchmarking them with other corporates. The study recommends that there should be developed processes of strategic planning which are well documented by the management and have a policy to guide on what should done, who should be consulted and when should that happen in case of eventualities. Further, the management should encourage work mentorship from senior management to junior employees to orient them on management issues. This would help the employees gather relevant skills and knowledge to make strategic decision, when need be, on behalf of the parastatal.